6. What was D-Day?
A group of almost 3 million allied forces landed behind German lines in Normandy, France and attacket, beginning the largest land-sea-air attack in army history.
7. What happened at the Battle of the Bulge?
After the allied forces took their first German city, the Germans launched an offensive on the allied forces to try to regain the lost territory. The battle lasted one month and crippled the Nazi forces, who lost 120,000 soldiers.
8. What did Allied troops find in Germany?
They found the Nazi death camps that were used by the Nazis in an attempt to eliminate all non-aryans liveing in Europe.
9. What happened to Hitler? What happened to F.D. Roosevelt? Who became U.S. President?
Hitler killed himself after it was evident that Germany was goingf to have to surrender. FDR died of a stroke befoere he got to see the allied forces win the war and his VP Harry S. Trubman took over as President of the United States.
Tuesday, March 9, 2010
Monday, March 8, 2010
War for Europe & North Africa
1. To what did Roosevelt and Churchill agree early in the war?
Both countries agreed that Germany and Italy posed the greatest threat to the allied nations. Therefore they both decided to focas most of their firepower on Europe early in the war and to take on Japan after gaining the upperhand in Europe.
2. Why was winning the Battle of the Atlantic so crucial to the fortunes of the Allies?
It was very important to the allies because if they could not ship in the Atlantic than there would be no way to ship foods to Great Britian and the Brtitsh would be forced to surrender.
3. Why was the Battle of Stalingrad so important?
Even though the Soviets ended up loseing 1,100,000 men in defending Staingrad, their victory there is looked upon as a turning point in the war. From that point forward, the Germans were continually moved beckwards and the Soviets eventually moved westward towards and into Germany.
4. What happened in the war in North Africa?
Rather than opening a new front in Germany the US and Britain invaded Aferica and defeated all axis powers there.
5. What happened after the Allies invaded Italy?
Allied forces defeated Mouslinni's army and he was arrested and declared the "most hated man in Italy". Hitler didnt like the idea of fighting the war on German soil, however, and rather brought the fight to Italy. There, 40 miles from Rome, a battle that would take 4 months began, ending with 30,000 axis casualitys and 25,000 allied casulaties.
Both countries agreed that Germany and Italy posed the greatest threat to the allied nations. Therefore they both decided to focas most of their firepower on Europe early in the war and to take on Japan after gaining the upperhand in Europe.
2. Why was winning the Battle of the Atlantic so crucial to the fortunes of the Allies?
It was very important to the allies because if they could not ship in the Atlantic than there would be no way to ship foods to Great Britian and the Brtitsh would be forced to surrender.
3. Why was the Battle of Stalingrad so important?
Even though the Soviets ended up loseing 1,100,000 men in defending Staingrad, their victory there is looked upon as a turning point in the war. From that point forward, the Germans were continually moved beckwards and the Soviets eventually moved westward towards and into Germany.
4. What happened in the war in North Africa?
Rather than opening a new front in Germany the US and Britain invaded Aferica and defeated all axis powers there.
5. What happened after the Allies invaded Italy?
Allied forces defeated Mouslinni's army and he was arrested and declared the "most hated man in Italy". Hitler didnt like the idea of fighting the war on German soil, however, and rather brought the fight to Italy. There, 40 miles from Rome, a battle that would take 4 months began, ending with 30,000 axis casualitys and 25,000 allied casulaties.
Sunday, March 7, 2010
Mobilizing for WWII.
1. Selective Service System
The selective service system provided for a larger base of recruits when the US was preparing themselfs for the war. The 5 million volenteers they had wasen't enough and this system provided 10 million more soldiers for the war effort.
2. Women
the WAAC established a system where women could help the war effort in a number of non combat aspects so that the men could focas on combat.
3. Minorities
Many minorties signed up to fight in the war despite the descrimination. Soma Japanese-Americans were able to be spies for the US. Also the Native Americans volnteered in record numbers.
4. Manufacturers
Manufacturers ended up mass produceing war materials rather than private macherniary. They were able to mass produce to an extent that it greatly contributed to the war efort on the US's side because we had the resources to mass produce much more than the axis powers.
5. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
The estlabilishment of the OSRD created an opprunity for the US to have the most advanced possible weapons and equipiment during the war because it brought together many of the greatest thinking minds and used them to work together to help create these war techlolgys.
6 Entertainment industry
Propaganda films were made to glorify the USSR and vilify the Nazis and the Japanese to encourage more volunteers to sign up to serve.
7. Office of Price Administration (OPA)
The riseing demand and dropping supply on consumer goods threatened to couse hige inflation. The OPA did not allow for this to happen because it froze prices on most consumer goods.
8. War Production Board (WPB)
The WPB made sure that companies produced the necessary amount of war goods for the US war effort.
9. Rationing
Rations were placed on the amount of gods that could be used in the war effort that citizens liveing domestically could consume. This ment that there was always enough for the soldiers who needed it.
The selective service system provided for a larger base of recruits when the US was preparing themselfs for the war. The 5 million volenteers they had wasen't enough and this system provided 10 million more soldiers for the war effort.
2. Women
the WAAC established a system where women could help the war effort in a number of non combat aspects so that the men could focas on combat.
3. Minorities
Many minorties signed up to fight in the war despite the descrimination. Soma Japanese-Americans were able to be spies for the US. Also the Native Americans volnteered in record numbers.
4. Manufacturers
Manufacturers ended up mass produceing war materials rather than private macherniary. They were able to mass produce to an extent that it greatly contributed to the war efort on the US's side because we had the resources to mass produce much more than the axis powers.
5. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
The estlabilishment of the OSRD created an opprunity for the US to have the most advanced possible weapons and equipiment during the war because it brought together many of the greatest thinking minds and used them to work together to help create these war techlolgys.
6 Entertainment industry
Propaganda films were made to glorify the USSR and vilify the Nazis and the Japanese to encourage more volunteers to sign up to serve.
7. Office of Price Administration (OPA)
The riseing demand and dropping supply on consumer goods threatened to couse hige inflation. The OPA did not allow for this to happen because it froze prices on most consumer goods.
8. War Production Board (WPB)
The WPB made sure that companies produced the necessary amount of war goods for the US war effort.
9. Rationing
Rations were placed on the amount of gods that could be used in the war effort that citizens liveing domestically could consume. This ment that there was always enough for the soldiers who needed it.
Thursday, March 4, 2010
Japan and U.S. Relations in 1941
Japan and U.S. Relations in 1941
Document A
- Japan wanted to defeat England.
- They saw the defeat of the US as a way of helping themselfs defeat England.
- They were trying to take over many countrys in Asia and the pacific.
Document B
- There was a great deal of raceism in the US in the early 1940s.
- FDR and the US government was "turning his back" to Japan by not looking at the country as a threat because of raceist views against them.
Document C
- The US made a peace proposal that the Japanese say as unsatisfactory not even a month before the attack on pearl harbor.
- Japan had negoiatiors in the US "trying" to work out a peace deal.
- Japan didn't want the US to expect they planned on atticking Pearl Harbor.
- Japan was dishonest with the US leading up to pearl harbor.
Document D
- The Emperor ordered the attack on pearl harbor.
- The japanese were highly motivated in their attack on Hawaii
- the japanese believed success was necessary at the attack on pearl harbor to bring their country to glory and anything else would mean complete destruction for the empire.
Document E
- The US and japanese had many deceptions ion their pre war communications
- The japansese lied to the US to make them unprepared for the attack
- The US felt betrayed by the Japenese attack on pearl harbor.
Document A
- Japan wanted to defeat England.
- They saw the defeat of the US as a way of helping themselfs defeat England.
- They were trying to take over many countrys in Asia and the pacific.
Document B
- There was a great deal of raceism in the US in the early 1940s.
- FDR and the US government was "turning his back" to Japan by not looking at the country as a threat because of raceist views against them.
Document C
- The US made a peace proposal that the Japanese say as unsatisfactory not even a month before the attack on pearl harbor.
- Japan had negoiatiors in the US "trying" to work out a peace deal.
- Japan didn't want the US to expect they planned on atticking Pearl Harbor.
- Japan was dishonest with the US leading up to pearl harbor.
Document D
- The Emperor ordered the attack on pearl harbor.
- The japanese were highly motivated in their attack on Hawaii
- the japanese believed success was necessary at the attack on pearl harbor to bring their country to glory and anything else would mean complete destruction for the empire.
Document E
- The US and japanese had many deceptions ion their pre war communications
- The japansese lied to the US to make them unprepared for the attack
- The US felt betrayed by the Japenese attack on pearl harbor.
Tuesday, March 2, 2010
America Moves Toward War
1. What did the 1939 Neutrality Act allow?
It allowed for waring nations to purchace war materials from the US so long as they came to the US to buy the materials and transported them back to their own country up front. They also had to pay up front for the materials.
2. Who were the Axis powers?
Japan
Germany
Italy
3. What did the Lend-Lease Act do?
The lend lease act allowed the US to "lend" war materials to the allied nations in the war. In reality they were giveing the materials to the countrys in the hopes that it would help them win the war before the US had to get involved.
4. What pledges were contained in the Atlantic Charter?
The Atlantic Charter was a pact between Great Bratian and the US in which they pledged to collective security, disarment, self-determination, economic coorperation, and freedom of the seas.
5. Who were the Allies?
The Allies were the United Nations, an improved verison of the League of Nations.
6. What did the attack at Pearl Harbor do to the U.s. Pacific fleet?
The attacket left the US PAcific crippled and it took a long time to recover.
7. Why did Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.?
They declared war on the US because of the egos of their leaders. They didnt want to look afraid to the rest of the world.
It allowed for waring nations to purchace war materials from the US so long as they came to the US to buy the materials and transported them back to their own country up front. They also had to pay up front for the materials.
2. Who were the Axis powers?
Japan
Germany
Italy
3. What did the Lend-Lease Act do?
The lend lease act allowed the US to "lend" war materials to the allied nations in the war. In reality they were giveing the materials to the countrys in the hopes that it would help them win the war before the US had to get involved.
4. What pledges were contained in the Atlantic Charter?
The Atlantic Charter was a pact between Great Bratian and the US in which they pledged to collective security, disarment, self-determination, economic coorperation, and freedom of the seas.
5. Who were the Allies?
The Allies were the United Nations, an improved verison of the League of Nations.
6. What did the attack at Pearl Harbor do to the U.s. Pacific fleet?
The attacket left the US PAcific crippled and it took a long time to recover.
7. Why did Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.?
They declared war on the US because of the egos of their leaders. They didnt want to look afraid to the rest of the world.
Monday, March 1, 2010
"Isolationism" and FDR (1935 - 1941)
1. What were the goals of the isolationists? Why is "isolationism" a misleading term?
Isolationists wanted first and foremost to stay out of war, not to completly isloate the US from forgin trade and interaction completly, as the title isolstionist might infer. They felt the best way for the US to handle the ongiong forgin issues was to keep a policy of neutrality.
2. What did some isolationists feel that there was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia?
They felt the geographic distance between the US and Asia/Europe and the US allies in the western hemisphere would protect them from danger.
3. What were the purposes of the Nye Committee hearings?
They were ment to reveal the reasoning behind America's enterence into WWI as being a buisness move by big buisnesses and banks to make money off the war. Those who put on the hearings hoped it would sway many Americans to the isolationist cause.
4. List two impressions that the Nye Committee hearings created.
a. greed was behind the US entering WWI
b. the US must not let the same thing happen again and have millions of US soldiers killed because of greed
5. What were the purposes of the Neutrality Acts?
It was to prevent the US from entering the war for any reason. It bared the US from selling war materials to any country during the war.
6. List two reasons that some Americans considered Roosevelt's leadership radical and dangerous.
a. He attempted to "pack" the Supreme court
b. He ran for a 3rd tearm as president
7. What was "Cash and Carry"?
This part of the new neutrality act passed in 1939 allowed for the US to sell goods to waring nations as long as they payed the US for the goods and came and picked the goods personally.
8. Why did President Roosevelt freeze Japanese assets in the United States?
He did this as an economic sancion of Japan for occupying French Indochina.
9. What was the purpose of the America First Committee?
It was a committie dedicated to keeping the US out of war.
Isolationists wanted first and foremost to stay out of war, not to completly isloate the US from forgin trade and interaction completly, as the title isolstionist might infer. They felt the best way for the US to handle the ongiong forgin issues was to keep a policy of neutrality.
2. What did some isolationists feel that there was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia?
They felt the geographic distance between the US and Asia/Europe and the US allies in the western hemisphere would protect them from danger.
3. What were the purposes of the Nye Committee hearings?
They were ment to reveal the reasoning behind America's enterence into WWI as being a buisness move by big buisnesses and banks to make money off the war. Those who put on the hearings hoped it would sway many Americans to the isolationist cause.
4. List two impressions that the Nye Committee hearings created.
a. greed was behind the US entering WWI
b. the US must not let the same thing happen again and have millions of US soldiers killed because of greed
5. What were the purposes of the Neutrality Acts?
It was to prevent the US from entering the war for any reason. It bared the US from selling war materials to any country during the war.
6. List two reasons that some Americans considered Roosevelt's leadership radical and dangerous.
a. He attempted to "pack" the Supreme court
b. He ran for a 3rd tearm as president
7. What was "Cash and Carry"?
This part of the new neutrality act passed in 1939 allowed for the US to sell goods to waring nations as long as they payed the US for the goods and came and picked the goods personally.
8. Why did President Roosevelt freeze Japanese assets in the United States?
He did this as an economic sancion of Japan for occupying French Indochina.
9. What was the purpose of the America First Committee?
It was a committie dedicated to keeping the US out of war.
Tuesday, February 23, 2010
World Events Set Stage for Isolationism
1. What was the Japanese reaction to the Treaty of Versailles?
The Japanese were greatly offended because the treaty did not include the anti-raceism amendment they proposed. Their representatives at the treaty were not listened to and discriminated against and all over the western world japanese people were treated badly. Because the treaty did not include the anti-raceism legislation they requested they felt the need to distance themselfs from the western world and took a nationalist policy throughout the country.
2. Read the pull-out box on page 4 entitled, "Japan Becomes a Great Power." Cite specific evidence Japan was becoming a strong power that rivaled European & American interests. And, why specifically was Japan threatened by U.S. actions?
After 1860 Japan became open to thr rest of the world. Before this they had pratciced extream isolationism and did not interact with other countrys economically in any way. Once they began tradeing with other countrys, however, their economic, military, and political power grew exponentially. They became a world power after this but felt threatened by the US's constant growing presence in the pacific, which interfeared with the imperialist policys Japan was beginning to develop.
3. Why was the Washington Naval Conference convened and what was accomplished?
It was conviened because many nations, includeing the US, felt threatened by Japan's growing naval power. The treaty which was signed by all participateing countries limited naval importance in future wars and created other regulations on warefare.
4. The Senate's willingness to ratify the Kellogg-Briand Pact relected two strong and widely held sentiments. What were they?
a. Wanting to aviod war
b. Wanting the ability to take forceful international action when necessary
5. Why did Hitler enjoy popular support in Germany for most of the 1930s? Give three reasons.
a. Improved economy
b. reduced unemployment
c. fed on built up anger from WWI
6. Japan voiced its intentions to invade China for what two reasons?
a. To become self-sufficiant and not need to rely on forgin trade
b. as a retaliation to the bombing of a japanese train station.
7. Compare the Reichstag fire and the explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria. What did they accompllish?
They both gave their respective governments a reason to accomplish a task that would benifit said government. The fire gave Hitler a reason to declare all German Constitutional rights invalid, which helped his druing his rise to power. The bombing of the train station gave the Japanese a reason to invade China, which helped them expand their power outside of their island nation territory.
8. Why was the united States unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force?
The US had drastically reduced the size of their military after WWI.
9. Describe the major similarities and differences among liberal democracy, fascism, and socialism.
The major differences among these political idologies is their views on the place of government in the lives of the people. Fascists believe that govenrment should have total, unquestioned, rule over the people. Basically the individual surrenders all of his/her rights to the government. Socialists are similar in the sence that they both believe in the lack of individual rights, hovever socialists believe that all citizens should be considered equal, and that all citizens should work for the betterment of society. Liberal democracy is the only of these ideologies that believes in and stresses the importance of the rights of the individual. This political system believes in a government run by elected officials who's job is to represent the views and concerns of the poeple whom they represent.
The Japanese were greatly offended because the treaty did not include the anti-raceism amendment they proposed. Their representatives at the treaty were not listened to and discriminated against and all over the western world japanese people were treated badly. Because the treaty did not include the anti-raceism legislation they requested they felt the need to distance themselfs from the western world and took a nationalist policy throughout the country.
2. Read the pull-out box on page 4 entitled, "Japan Becomes a Great Power." Cite specific evidence Japan was becoming a strong power that rivaled European & American interests. And, why specifically was Japan threatened by U.S. actions?
After 1860 Japan became open to thr rest of the world. Before this they had pratciced extream isolationism and did not interact with other countrys economically in any way. Once they began tradeing with other countrys, however, their economic, military, and political power grew exponentially. They became a world power after this but felt threatened by the US's constant growing presence in the pacific, which interfeared with the imperialist policys Japan was beginning to develop.
3. Why was the Washington Naval Conference convened and what was accomplished?
It was conviened because many nations, includeing the US, felt threatened by Japan's growing naval power. The treaty which was signed by all participateing countries limited naval importance in future wars and created other regulations on warefare.
4. The Senate's willingness to ratify the Kellogg-Briand Pact relected two strong and widely held sentiments. What were they?
a. Wanting to aviod war
b. Wanting the ability to take forceful international action when necessary
5. Why did Hitler enjoy popular support in Germany for most of the 1930s? Give three reasons.
a. Improved economy
b. reduced unemployment
c. fed on built up anger from WWI
6. Japan voiced its intentions to invade China for what two reasons?
a. To become self-sufficiant and not need to rely on forgin trade
b. as a retaliation to the bombing of a japanese train station.
7. Compare the Reichstag fire and the explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria. What did they accompllish?
They both gave their respective governments a reason to accomplish a task that would benifit said government. The fire gave Hitler a reason to declare all German Constitutional rights invalid, which helped his druing his rise to power. The bombing of the train station gave the Japanese a reason to invade China, which helped them expand their power outside of their island nation territory.
8. Why was the united States unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force?
The US had drastically reduced the size of their military after WWI.
9. Describe the major similarities and differences among liberal democracy, fascism, and socialism.
The major differences among these political idologies is their views on the place of government in the lives of the people. Fascists believe that govenrment should have total, unquestioned, rule over the people. Basically the individual surrenders all of his/her rights to the government. Socialists are similar in the sence that they both believe in the lack of individual rights, hovever socialists believe that all citizens should be considered equal, and that all citizens should work for the betterment of society. Liberal democracy is the only of these ideologies that believes in and stresses the importance of the rights of the individual. This political system believes in a government run by elected officials who's job is to represent the views and concerns of the poeple whom they represent.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
